diff --git a/VERSION b/VERSION
index 02dd731..8a3a199 100644
--- a/VERSION
+++ b/VERSION
@@ -1,2 +1,2 @@
-2020 July 28 2020
+2020 August 09 2020
 
diff --git a/doc/CHANGES b/doc/CHANGES
index be411b0..027f748 100644
--- a/doc/CHANGES
+++ b/doc/CHANGES
@@ -13551,7 +13551,11 @@ on some systems for this example.
 X:1
 L:1/4
 K:C
-2c/2fac'/c'/c'/c'/c'///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
+2c/2fac'/c'/c'/c'/c'//////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
+//////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
+//////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
+//////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
+///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
 
 
 Fix: add a test for zero denominator in genmidi.c
@@ -13785,8 +13789,16 @@ store.c Minor correction in store.c when the microtone denominator is
 equal to 100 (in pitchof_b()).
 
 
-
-
-
+August 09 2020
+
+genmidi.c: introducing %%MIDI bendstringex.
+It is similar to %%MIDI bendstring except that it linearly interpolates
+the pitchbends, causing smoother transitions.
+Method: created a new function expand_array() which expands an
+array {20, -20, ...} to {5, 5, 5, 5, -5, -5, -5 ,5} or something
+like that depending upon the parameter factor. The expanded array
+of benddatata is now treated like in %%MIDI bendstring in the
+queues.c file. Presently, I am using a factor of 4 (not configurable).
+Bendstringex limited to 64 or less increments.
 
 
diff --git a/doc/readme.txt b/doc/readme.txt
index 908ea08..85bd211 100644
--- a/doc/readme.txt
+++ b/doc/readme.txt
@@ -1,546 +1,546 @@
-abcMIDI :   abc <-> MIDI conversion utilities
-
-midi2abc version 3.46 June 22 2020
-abc2midi version 4.40 July 28 2020
-abc2abc  version 2.08 June 04 2020
-yaps     version 1.78 June 14 2020
-abcmatch version 1.73 June 04 2020
-midicopy version 1.36 June 04 2019
-
-24th January 2002
-
-Copyright James Allwright
-J.R.Allwright@westminster.ac.uk
-University of Westminster,
-London, UK
-
-February 2020
-
-Seymour Shlien
-Ottawa, Canada
-fy733@ncf.ca
-
-This is free software. You may copy and re-distribute it under the terms of 
-the GNU General Public License version 2 or later, which is available from
-the Free Software Foundation (and elsewhere). 
-
-This package is to be found on the web at
-
-http://abc.sourceforge.net/abcMIDI/
-(The latest versions for the time being is found on
- ifdo.ca/~seymour/runabc/top.html.)
-
-Note, if you have difficulty compiling the package because you do not have
-snprintf see the note in doc/CHANGES dated January 08 2005 (and also
-December 17 2004).
-
-These programs make use of the 'midifilelib' public domain MIDI file utilities,
-which was originally available from
-
-http://www.harmony-central.com/MIDI/midifilelib.tar.gz
-
-If you have the source distribution and intend to re-compile the code,
-read the file coding.txt.
----------------------------------------------------------------------
-midi2abc - program to convert MIDI format files to abc notation. 
-
-This program takes a MIDI format file and converts it to something as close
-as possible to abc text format. The user then has to add text fields not
-present in the MIDI header and possibly tidy up the abc note output.
-
-Features :
-
-* The key is chosen so as to minimize the number of accidentals. 
-Alternatively, the user can specify the key numerically (a positive number
-is the number of sharps, a negative number is minus the number of flats).
-* Note length can be set by specifying the total number of bars or the 
-tempo of the piece. Alternatively the note length can be read from the file.
-However, by default it is deduced in a heuristic manner from the inter-note 
-distances.  This means that you do not have to use the MIDI clock as a 
-metronome when playing in a tune from a keyboard. 
-* Barlines are automatically inserted. The user specifies the number of
-measures in the anacrusis before the first barline and the time signature.
-* The program can guess how many beats there should be in the anacrusis,
-either by looking for the first strong note or minimizing the number of
-notes split by a tie across a barline.
-* Where a note extends beyond a bar break, it is split into two tied notes.
-* The output has 4 bars per line.
-* Enough accidental signs are put in the music to ensure that no pitch
-errors occur if a barline is added or deleted.
-* The program attempts to group notes sensibly in each bar.
-* Triplets and broken rhythm (a>b) are supported.
-* Chords are identified.
-* Text information from the original MIDI file is included as comments.
-* The -c option can be used to select only 1 MIDI channel. Events on 
-other channels are ignored.
-
-What midi2abc does not do :
-
-* Supply tune title, composer or any other field apart from X: , K:, Q:, M:
-and L: - these must be added by hand afterwards, though they may have been
-included in the text of the MIDI file.
-* Support duplets, quadruplets, other esoteric features.
-* Support mid-tune key or meter changes.
-* Deduce repeats. The output is just the notes in the input file.
-* Recover an abc tune as supplied to abc2midi. However, if you want to
-do this, "midi2abc -xa -f file.mid" comes close.
-
-midi2abc 
-  usage :
-midi2abc <options>
-         -a <half L: units>
-         -xa  extract anacrusis from file (find first strong note)
-         -ga  guess anacrusis (minimize ties across bars)
-         -gk  guess key signature by minimizing accidentals
-         -gu  guess the number of midi pulses per note from note
-              duration statistics in the MIDI file 
-         -m <time signature>
-         -b <bars wanted in output>
-         -Q <tempo in quarter-notes per minute>
-         -k <key signature> -6 to 6 sharps
-         -c <channel>
-         [-f] <input file>
-         -o <output file>
-         -s do not discard very short notes
-         -sr do not notate a short rest after a note
-         -sum summary
-         -nt do not look for triplets or broken rhythm
-         -u number of midi pulses per abc time unit
-         -ppu parts per abc unit length (power of 2 only)
-         -aul denominator of abc unit length (power of 2 only)
-         -obpl one bar per line (deprecated)
-         -bpl <number> of bars per printed line
-         -bps <number> of bars per staff line
-         -nogr No note grouping. Space put between every note.
-         -splitbars splits bars to avoid nonhomophonic chords. 
-         -splitvoices splits voices to avoid nonhomophonic chords. 
-         -midigram   No abc file is created, but a list
-		of all notes is produced. Other parameters
-                are ignored.
-         -mftext  No abc file is created, but a list of all
-                the midi commands (mftext like output) is
-                produced. The output is best viewed with
-                runabc.tcl
-         -stats prints summary and statistics of the midi file
-                which would be best viewed using an new application
-                midiexplorer.tcl.
-         -ver   Prints version number and exits
-
-Use only one of -u -gu -b and -Q or better none.
-If none of these is present, the program uses the PPQN header
-information in the MIDI file to determine the note length in
-MIDI pulses. This usually results in the best output. 
-
-The output of midi2abc is printed to the screen. To save it to a file, use
-the redirection operator or the -o option.
-
-e.g.
-
-midi2abc -f file.mid > file.abc
-or
-midi2abc -f file.mid -o file.abc
-
-By default the program uses the key signature and time signature
-specified in the MIDI file. If the key signature is not specified,
-the program will automatically determine the key signature by
-minimizing the number of accidentals. If there is no time signature
-found, then 4/4 is assumed. You may also specify a time signature
-using the -m option.  Allowable time signatures are C,
-4/4, 3/8, 2/4 and so on.
-
-If the tune has an anacrusis, you should specify the number in quantum
-units lengths. By default a quantum unit length is one half of
-the unit length note specified by the L: command. (However, this
-can be changed using the -ppu runtime parameter.)  For example,
-if the meter is 6/8 and L: is set to 1/8, a half unit length is
-1/16 note. An anacrusis of a quarter note would be specified as 4.
-
-The -bpl and -bps control the formatting of the output. -bpl controls
-the number of bars put in every line. The lines are joined together
-with a backslash (\) until the desired number of bars per staff are
-printed. Since -bpl 1 is equivalent to -obpl, the latter parameter
-is being deprecated.
-
-Midi2abc has evolved quite a lot since James Allwright has
-transferred support and development to me [SS]. Most of the
-MIDI files posted on the web site appear to have been generated
-from a music notation program and therefore convert cleanly
-to abc files using all the information built into the file.
-Therefore midi2abc no longer automatically estimates the number 
-of MIDI pulses per note from the file statistics, but uses
-the indications embedded in the file. However, the user still
-has the option of calling these functions or changing this
-parameter by using the run time parameters Use only one of -u -gu 
--b and -Q or better none. The -u parameter, allows you
-to specify the number of MIDI pulses per unit length, assuming
-you know what it should be. To find out the value that
-midi2abc is using, run the program with the -sum parameter.
-
-Midi2abc quantizes the note durations to a length of half
-the L: value. Thus if L: was set to 1/8, then the smallest
-note that midi2abc would extract would be a 1/16 th note.
-This is the basic quantum unit.  The L: note length is set
-by midi2abc on the basis of the time signature. For time 
-signatures less than 3/4 it uses an L: 1/16 and for others 
-it uses a length of 1/8. This convention was probably chosen 
-so that midi2abc does not quantize the notes to a too fine 
-level producing outputs like  C2-C/4 D2-D/8 etc which would 
-be difficult to read.  For some music, this may be too coarse 
-and it may be preferable to allow the user take control of 
-the L: value or allow the splitting of the L: value into 
-smaller parts.  Two new run time parameters were introduced:
--ppu specifies the number of parts to split the L: note. 
-It should be a power of 2 (eg. 1,2,4,8,16 ...) and by default 
-it remains as 2 as before. The -aul specifies the L: value to use,
-for example, to get L: 1/32 you would put -aul 32.
-
-
-Keyboard and guitar music has a lot of chords which frequently
-poses a problem to midi2abc. If the notes in the chord do
-not share a common onset or end time, midi2abc uses ties to join
-the longer notes to other chords. This produces a mess looking
-somewhat like
-[AG-G-G-D-G,,,-][B/2-B/2-B/2-G/2G/2-G/2-D/2-G,,,/2-]...
-which does not convert into something easy to read when
-display in common music notation. Abcm2ps and abc2midi allow
-a bar to be split into separate voices using the & sign.
-Separating the notes which do not overlap exactly into
-individual voices provides some improvement. If you encountering
-this problem with your MIDI file, you may wish to try rerunning
-the file with either the -splitbars or -splitvoices parameter.
-This is a feature introduced in June 2005 (version 2.83).
-The algorithm which separates the notes in a voice into
-distinct voices (tracks) (label_split in midi2abc.c) is rather
-crude and needs improvement. I welcome any suggestions
-or improved code.
-
-
-The -midigram option runs midi2abc in a completely different
-mode. It does not produce any abc file but outputs a list
-of all the notes found in the MIDI file. Each line of output
-represents one note. For each line, the on and off time
-in MIDI time units, the track number, the channel number, 
-midi pitch, and midi velocity are listed. The last line
-contains a single value equal to the duration of the file
-in MIDI pulses.  The output is designed to eventually go into a
-graphical user interface (runabc) which will display these events 
-in piano roll format.
-
-Note: midi2abc does not work correctly if the lyrics are embedded
-in the same track as the notes. If you intend to run midi2abc on
-the MIDI file produced by abc2midi, you need to use the -STFW
-option if the tune contains lyrics. 
-
-eg. abc2midi lyric_tune.abc -STFW
-
-Since February 01 2010, abc2midi by default places the lyrics in
-the same track as the notes. See doc/CHANGES.
-
-
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
-
-abc2midi  - converts abc file to MIDI file(s).
-Usage : abc2midi <abc file> [reference number] [-c] [-v] [-o filename]
-        [-t] [-n <value>] [-ver] [-NFNP] [-NFER] [-NGRA] [-STFW] [-NCOM] [-OCC]
-        [reference number] selects a tune
-        -c  selects checking only
-        -v <level> selects verbose option
-        -o <filename>  selects output filename
-        -t selects filenames derived from tune titles
-        -n <limit> set limit for length of filename stem
-        -CS use 2:1 instead of 3:1 for broken rhythms
-        -quiet suppress some common warnings
-        -silent suppresses other messages
-        -Q <tempo> in quarter notes/minute
-        -NFNP ignore all dynamic indications (!f! !ff! !p! etc.)
-        -NFER ignore fermata markings
-        -NGRA ignore grace notes
-        -STFW separate tracks for words (lyrics)
-        -NCOM suppress comments
-        -ver prints version number and exits
-        -BF Barfly mode: invokes a stress model if possible
-        -OCC old chord convention (eg. +CE+)
-        -TT tune to A = <frequency>
-        -CSM <filename> load custom stress models from file
-
- The default action is to write a MIDI file for each abc tune
- with the filename <stem>N.mid, where <stem> is the filestem
- of the abc file and N is the tune reference number. If the -o
- option is used, only one file is written. This is the tune
- specified by the reference number or, if no reference number
- is given, the first tune in the file. The -Q parameter sets
- the default tempo in event the Q: command is not given in the
- abc header. The program accepts both the deprecated (eg.
- !trill!) and standard (+trill+) notation for decorations.
- Older versions of this program handled the defunct convention
- for chords (i.e +G2B2D2+ instead of [GBD]2). If you need to
- handle the older notation, include the -OCC flag; however the
- program will not accept the standard notation for decorations.
- Broken rhythms indicated by > or < (eg. A > B) assume a
- the hornpipe ratio of 3:1.  To change it to the Celtic ratio
- 3:1 include the -CS flag.  
-
-
-Features :
-
-* Broken rythms (>, <), chords, n-tuples, slurring, ties, staccatto notes,
-repeats, in-tune tempo/length/meter changes are all supported.
-
-* R:hornpipe or r:hornpipe is recognized and note timings are adjusted to
-give a broken rhythm (ab is converted to a>b).
-
-* Most errors in the abc input will generate a suitable error message in
-the output and the converter keeps going.
-
-* Comments and text fields in the abc source are converted to text events
-in the MIDI output
-
-* If guitar chords are present, they are used to generate an accompaniment
-in the MIDI output.
-
-* If there are mis-matched repeat signs in the abc, the program attempts to
-fix them. However, it will not attempt this if a multi-part tune 
-description has been used or if multiple voices are in use.
-
-* Karaoke MIDI files can be generated by using the w: field to include 
-lyrics.
-
-* Nonnumeric voice ids, eg V: soprano, as described as proposed
-for the new abc standard is handled.
-
-* Invisible rests specified as x, are treated as normal rests (z).
-
-* There are some extensions to the abc syntax of the form
-
-%%MIDI channel n
-
-These control channel and program selection, transposing and various
-other features of abc2midi. See the file abcguide.txt for more
-details.
-
-Bugs and Limitations :
-
-* No field is inherited from above the X: field of the tune.
-
-* Where an accidental is applied to a tied note that extends across
-  a barline, abc2midi requires that the note beyond the barline must 
-  be explicitly given an accidental e.g.
-
-  ^F- | F     - will be reported as an error.
-  ^F- | ^F    - will produce a tied ^F note.
-
-  It is common to see no accidental shown when this occurs in published 
-  printed music.
-
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
-abc2abc
-
-Usage: abc2abc <filename> [-s] [-n X] [-b] [-r] [-e] [-t X]
-       [-u] [-d] [-v] [-V X] [-ver] [-X n]
-  -s for new spacing
-  -n X to re-format the abc with a new linebreak every X bars
-  -b to remove bar checking
-  -r to remove repeat checking
-  -e to remove all error reports
-  -t X to transpose X semitones
-  -nda No double accidentals in guitar chords
-  -nokeys No key signature (i.e. K: none). Use sharps.
-  -nokeyf No key signature (i.e. K: none). Use flats.
-  -u to update notation ([] for chords and () for slurs)
-  -usekey n Use key signature sf (sharps/flats)
-  -useclef (treble or bass)
-  -d to notate with doubled note lengths
-  -v to notate with halved note lengths
-  -V X[,Y...] to output only voice X,Y...
-  -P X[,Y...] restricts action to voice X,Y... leaving other voices intact
-  -ver prints version number and exits
-  -X n renumber the all X: fields as n, n+1, ..
-  -xref n output only the tune with X reference number n.
-  -usekey sf Use key signature sf (flats/sharps)
-  -OCC old chord convention (eg. +CE+)
-
-A simple abc checker/re-formatter/transposer. If the -n option is selected, 
-error checking is turned off. 
-
-If a voice is assigned to channel 10 (drum channel) using a
-%%MIDI channel 10
-command, then this voice is never transposed.
-
-The -nokeys or -nokeyf option will set "K: none" and place accidentals on
-all notes that should have accidentals for the expected key signature. 
-The first option will use only sharps; the second option will use
-only flats.
-
-The -usekey option will force the key signature to be key[sf] where
-sf is a number between -5 and +5 inclusive.
-sf  -5  -4  -3  -2  -1  0  1  2  3  4  5
-key Db  Ab  Eb  Bb  F   C  G  D  A  E  B
-Accidentals will be added to preserve the correct notes. This
-is useful for some music with many accidentals which does
-not fit in any specific key signature. If sf = 0, abc2abc
-use K:none.
-
-If you want to check an abc tune, it is recommended that you use abc2midi 
-with the -c option as this performs extra checks that abc2abc does not do.
-
-When using the -P X option, it may be necessary to insert some
-field commands such as K: or L: following the voice X declaration,
-so that they will be converted and appear in the output.
-
-The output of abc2abc is printed to the screen. To save it to a file, use
-the redirection operator.
-
-e.g.
-
-abc2abc file.abc -t 2 > newfile.abc
-
-Known problems:
-* When using the -n option on a program with lyrics, a barline in a w:
-  field may be carried forward to the next w: field.
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
-
-mftext - MIDI file to text
-
-This gives a verbose description of what is in a MIDI file. You may wish
-to use it to check the output from abc2midi. It is part of the original
-midifilelib distribution.
-
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
-YAPS
-----
-YAPS is an abc to PostScript converter which can be used as an alternative
-to abc2ps. See the file yaps.txt for a more detailed description of this
-program.
-
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
-midicopy is a stand alone application which copies a midi file or part
-of a midi file to a new midi file. If you run it with no parameters, a
-short description shown below will appear.
-
-usage:
-midicopy <options> input.mid output.mid
-midicopy copies selected tracks, channels, time interval of the input midi file.options:
--ver  version information
--trks n1,n2,..(starting from 1)
--xtrks n1,n2,... (tracks to exclude)
--xchns n1,n2,... (channels to exclude)
--chns n1,n2,..(starting from 1)
--from n (in midi ticks)
--to n   (in midi ticks)
--fromsec %f (in seconds)
--tosec %f (in seconds)
--frombeat %f
--tobeat %f
--replace trk,loc,val
--tempo n (in quarter notes/min)
--speed %f (between 0.1 and 10.0)
--drumfocus n (35 - 81) m (0 - 127)
--mutenodrum [level] 
--setdrumloudness n (35-81) m (0 -127)
--focusontrack n1,n2,... 
--focusonchannel n1,n2,...
--attenuation n
-
-
-midicopy.exe -ver
-
-will print out something like 
-1.29 December 06 2017
-
-
-midicopy.exe input.mid output.mid
-does nothing interesting except copy the contents of input.mid to a
-new file output.mid.
-
-
-
-If you  include the -from parameter followed by a midi pulse number,
-then the program will select the appropriate data starting after the
-given midi pulse location so that will you play midi file it will start
-from that midi pulse number. In order to ensure that the right tempo,
-channel assignments are used, all of these commands prior to that
-pulse number are also copied.
-
-If you include the -to command followed by a midi  pulse number, the
-midi file is truncated beyond that point, so that when you play the file
-it will stop at this point. You can also specify the window using beats
-with the options -frombeats and -tobeats. The program will print out
-the estimated duration of the output midi file.
-
-All the tracks will be copied unless you specify them in the list following
-keyword -trks. You start counting tracks from 1.
-
-Similarly, all channels will be copied unless you specify them following
-keyword -chns. You start counting channels from 1.
-
-The -xchns and -xtrk options will exclude the indicated channels or
-tracks from the output midi file. The -xchns does not work together
-with -chns and neither does -xtrks work with -trks. (Use one or the
-other.)
-
-The option -replace allows you to overwrite a specific byte given its
-track number and offset loc, by the byte whose value is val. This is
-used for changing the program number associated with a channel. The byte
-is replaced in the output file. If you use the -replace option, all
-other options like -from, -to, -chns etc. are ignored.
-
-The embedded tempo commands can be replaced using
--tempo n
-in units beats/minute.
-
--speed f
-where f is a decimal number between 0.1 and 10.0 will multiply
-the current tempo by this factor.
-
--drumfocus will accentuate the specified drum (35 to 81) to level
-m (0 to 127).
-
--focusontracks will attenuate all tracks except those specified.
-
--focusonchannels will attenuate all channels except those specified.
-
--attenuation specifies the amount to reduce the note velocities
-for the focus options.
-
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
-abcmatch.exe  - see abcmatch.txt
-
-
-
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
-A Short Explanation of MIDI
----------------------------
-MIDI stands for "Musical Instrument Digital Interface". MIDI was originally
-designed to connect a controller, such as a piano-style keyboard, to a
-synthesizer. A MIDI cable is similar to a serial RS232 cable but uses
-different voltage levels and an unusual baud rate (31250 baud). The MIDI
-standard also defines the meaning of the digital signals sent down the 
-cable; pressing and releasing a key produces 2 of these signals, a 
-"note on" followed by a "note off". 
-
-There is an additional standard for MIDI files, which describes how to 
-record these signals together with the time when each signal was produced. 
-This allows a complete performance to be recorded in a compact digital 
-form. It is also possible for a computer to write a MIDI file which can 
-be played back in exactly the same way as a MIDI file of a recorded 
-performance. This is what abc2midi does.
-
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
-Note: DPMI server for DOS executables
-
-If you have downloaded the executables compiled using DJGPP, you may get
-an error message saying that a DPMI (Dos Protected Mode Interface) server
-is needed. If you can run the programs from a DOS window within Windows,
-this may solve the problem. Alternatively, download the DPMI server
-recommended for DJGPP, called CWSDPMI.EXE. This needs to be on your path
-for the executables to run.
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
-Bug reports
-
-Please report any bugs you find in abc2midi, midi2abc, midicopy, or 
-abcmatch, abc2abc to fy733@ncf.ca (preferably with 
-an example so that I can replicate the problem). Better still, send 
-me the repaired source files which fix the problem! If you add your
-own features to the code that other people might want to use then let 
-me know.  I may or may not want to add them to the official version.
-So far I have been maintaining the code, but I don't guarantee anything.
+abcMIDI :   abc <-> MIDI conversion utilities
+
+midi2abc version 3.46 June 22 2020
+abc2midi version 4.41 August 09 2020
+abc2abc  version 2.08 June 04 2020
+yaps     version 1.78 June 14 2020
+abcmatch version 1.73 June 04 2020
+midicopy version 1.36 June 04 2019
+
+24th January 2002
+
+Copyright James Allwright
+J.R.Allwright@westminster.ac.uk
+University of Westminster,
+London, UK
+
+February 2020
+
+Seymour Shlien
+Ottawa, Canada
+fy733@ncf.ca
+
+This is free software. You may copy and re-distribute it under the terms of 
+the GNU General Public License version 2 or later, which is available from
+the Free Software Foundation (and elsewhere). 
+
+This package is to be found on the web at
+
+http://abc.sourceforge.net/abcMIDI/
+(The latest versions for the time being is found on
+ ifdo.ca/~seymour/runabc/top.html.)
+
+Note, if you have difficulty compiling the package because you do not have
+snprintf see the note in doc/CHANGES dated January 08 2005 (and also
+December 17 2004).
+
+These programs make use of the 'midifilelib' public domain MIDI file utilities,
+which was originally available from
+
+http://www.harmony-central.com/MIDI/midifilelib.tar.gz
+
+If you have the source distribution and intend to re-compile the code,
+read the file coding.txt.
+---------------------------------------------------------------------
+midi2abc - program to convert MIDI format files to abc notation. 
+
+This program takes a MIDI format file and converts it to something as close
+as possible to abc text format. The user then has to add text fields not
+present in the MIDI header and possibly tidy up the abc note output.
+
+Features :
+
+* The key is chosen so as to minimize the number of accidentals. 
+Alternatively, the user can specify the key numerically (a positive number
+is the number of sharps, a negative number is minus the number of flats).
+* Note length can be set by specifying the total number of bars or the 
+tempo of the piece. Alternatively the note length can be read from the file.
+However, by default it is deduced in a heuristic manner from the inter-note 
+distances.  This means that you do not have to use the MIDI clock as a 
+metronome when playing in a tune from a keyboard. 
+* Barlines are automatically inserted. The user specifies the number of
+measures in the anacrusis before the first barline and the time signature.
+* The program can guess how many beats there should be in the anacrusis,
+either by looking for the first strong note or minimizing the number of
+notes split by a tie across a barline.
+* Where a note extends beyond a bar break, it is split into two tied notes.
+* The output has 4 bars per line.
+* Enough accidental signs are put in the music to ensure that no pitch
+errors occur if a barline is added or deleted.
+* The program attempts to group notes sensibly in each bar.
+* Triplets and broken rhythm (a>b) are supported.
+* Chords are identified.
+* Text information from the original MIDI file is included as comments.
+* The -c option can be used to select only 1 MIDI channel. Events on 
+other channels are ignored.
+
+What midi2abc does not do :
+
+* Supply tune title, composer or any other field apart from X: , K:, Q:, M:
+and L: - these must be added by hand afterwards, though they may have been
+included in the text of the MIDI file.
+* Support duplets, quadruplets, other esoteric features.
+* Support mid-tune key or meter changes.
+* Deduce repeats. The output is just the notes in the input file.
+* Recover an abc tune as supplied to abc2midi. However, if you want to
+do this, "midi2abc -xa -f file.mid" comes close.
+
+midi2abc 
+  usage :
+midi2abc <options>
+         -a <half L: units>
+         -xa  extract anacrusis from file (find first strong note)
+         -ga  guess anacrusis (minimize ties across bars)
+         -gk  guess key signature by minimizing accidentals
+         -gu  guess the number of midi pulses per note from note
+              duration statistics in the MIDI file 
+         -m <time signature>
+         -b <bars wanted in output>
+         -Q <tempo in quarter-notes per minute>
+         -k <key signature> -6 to 6 sharps
+         -c <channel>
+         [-f] <input file>
+         -o <output file>
+         -s do not discard very short notes
+         -sr do not notate a short rest after a note
+         -sum summary
+         -nt do not look for triplets or broken rhythm
+         -u number of midi pulses per abc time unit
+         -ppu parts per abc unit length (power of 2 only)
+         -aul denominator of abc unit length (power of 2 only)
+         -obpl one bar per line (deprecated)
+         -bpl <number> of bars per printed line
+         -bps <number> of bars per staff line
+         -nogr No note grouping. Space put between every note.
+         -splitbars splits bars to avoid nonhomophonic chords. 
+         -splitvoices splits voices to avoid nonhomophonic chords. 
+         -midigram   No abc file is created, but a list
+		of all notes is produced. Other parameters
+                are ignored.
+         -mftext  No abc file is created, but a list of all
+                the midi commands (mftext like output) is
+                produced. The output is best viewed with
+                runabc.tcl
+         -stats prints summary and statistics of the midi file
+                which would be best viewed using an new application
+                midiexplorer.tcl.
+         -ver   Prints version number and exits
+
+Use only one of -u -gu -b and -Q or better none.
+If none of these is present, the program uses the PPQN header
+information in the MIDI file to determine the note length in
+MIDI pulses. This usually results in the best output. 
+
+The output of midi2abc is printed to the screen. To save it to a file, use
+the redirection operator or the -o option.
+
+e.g.
+
+midi2abc -f file.mid > file.abc
+or
+midi2abc -f file.mid -o file.abc
+
+By default the program uses the key signature and time signature
+specified in the MIDI file. If the key signature is not specified,
+the program will automatically determine the key signature by
+minimizing the number of accidentals. If there is no time signature
+found, then 4/4 is assumed. You may also specify a time signature
+using the -m option.  Allowable time signatures are C,
+4/4, 3/8, 2/4 and so on.
+
+If the tune has an anacrusis, you should specify the number in quantum
+units lengths. By default a quantum unit length is one half of
+the unit length note specified by the L: command. (However, this
+can be changed using the -ppu runtime parameter.)  For example,
+if the meter is 6/8 and L: is set to 1/8, a half unit length is
+1/16 note. An anacrusis of a quarter note would be specified as 4.
+
+The -bpl and -bps control the formatting of the output. -bpl controls
+the number of bars put in every line. The lines are joined together
+with a backslash (\) until the desired number of bars per staff are
+printed. Since -bpl 1 is equivalent to -obpl, the latter parameter
+is being deprecated.
+
+Midi2abc has evolved quite a lot since James Allwright has
+transferred support and development to me [SS]. Most of the
+MIDI files posted on the web site appear to have been generated
+from a music notation program and therefore convert cleanly
+to abc files using all the information built into the file.
+Therefore midi2abc no longer automatically estimates the number 
+of MIDI pulses per note from the file statistics, but uses
+the indications embedded in the file. However, the user still
+has the option of calling these functions or changing this
+parameter by using the run time parameters Use only one of -u -gu 
+-b and -Q or better none. The -u parameter, allows you
+to specify the number of MIDI pulses per unit length, assuming
+you know what it should be. To find out the value that
+midi2abc is using, run the program with the -sum parameter.
+
+Midi2abc quantizes the note durations to a length of half
+the L: value. Thus if L: was set to 1/8, then the smallest
+note that midi2abc would extract would be a 1/16 th note.
+This is the basic quantum unit.  The L: note length is set
+by midi2abc on the basis of the time signature. For time 
+signatures less than 3/4 it uses an L: 1/16 and for others 
+it uses a length of 1/8. This convention was probably chosen 
+so that midi2abc does not quantize the notes to a too fine 
+level producing outputs like  C2-C/4 D2-D/8 etc which would 
+be difficult to read.  For some music, this may be too coarse 
+and it may be preferable to allow the user take control of 
+the L: value or allow the splitting of the L: value into 
+smaller parts.  Two new run time parameters were introduced:
+-ppu specifies the number of parts to split the L: note. 
+It should be a power of 2 (eg. 1,2,4,8,16 ...) and by default 
+it remains as 2 as before. The -aul specifies the L: value to use,
+for example, to get L: 1/32 you would put -aul 32.
+
+
+Keyboard and guitar music has a lot of chords which frequently
+poses a problem to midi2abc. If the notes in the chord do
+not share a common onset or end time, midi2abc uses ties to join
+the longer notes to other chords. This produces a mess looking
+somewhat like
+[AG-G-G-D-G,,,-][B/2-B/2-B/2-G/2G/2-G/2-D/2-G,,,/2-]...
+which does not convert into something easy to read when
+display in common music notation. Abcm2ps and abc2midi allow
+a bar to be split into separate voices using the & sign.
+Separating the notes which do not overlap exactly into
+individual voices provides some improvement. If you encountering
+this problem with your MIDI file, you may wish to try rerunning
+the file with either the -splitbars or -splitvoices parameter.
+This is a feature introduced in June 2005 (version 2.83).
+The algorithm which separates the notes in a voice into
+distinct voices (tracks) (label_split in midi2abc.c) is rather
+crude and needs improvement. I welcome any suggestions
+or improved code.
+
+
+The -midigram option runs midi2abc in a completely different
+mode. It does not produce any abc file but outputs a list
+of all the notes found in the MIDI file. Each line of output
+represents one note. For each line, the on and off time
+in MIDI time units, the track number, the channel number, 
+midi pitch, and midi velocity are listed. The last line
+contains a single value equal to the duration of the file
+in MIDI pulses.  The output is designed to eventually go into a
+graphical user interface (runabc) which will display these events 
+in piano roll format.
+
+Note: midi2abc does not work correctly if the lyrics are embedded
+in the same track as the notes. If you intend to run midi2abc on
+the MIDI file produced by abc2midi, you need to use the -STFW
+option if the tune contains lyrics. 
+
+eg. abc2midi lyric_tune.abc -STFW
+
+Since February 01 2010, abc2midi by default places the lyrics in
+the same track as the notes. See doc/CHANGES.
+
+
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+abc2midi  - converts abc file to MIDI file(s).
+Usage : abc2midi <abc file> [reference number] [-c] [-v] [-o filename]
+        [-t] [-n <value>] [-ver] [-NFNP] [-NFER] [-NGRA] [-STFW] [-NCOM] [-OCC]
+        [reference number] selects a tune
+        -c  selects checking only
+        -v <level> selects verbose option
+        -o <filename>  selects output filename
+        -t selects filenames derived from tune titles
+        -n <limit> set limit for length of filename stem
+        -CS use 2:1 instead of 3:1 for broken rhythms
+        -quiet suppress some common warnings
+        -silent suppresses other messages
+        -Q <tempo> in quarter notes/minute
+        -NFNP ignore all dynamic indications (!f! !ff! !p! etc.)
+        -NFER ignore fermata markings
+        -NGRA ignore grace notes
+        -STFW separate tracks for words (lyrics)
+        -NCOM suppress comments
+        -ver prints version number and exits
+        -BF Barfly mode: invokes a stress model if possible
+        -OCC old chord convention (eg. +CE+)
+        -TT tune to A = <frequency>
+        -CSM <filename> load custom stress models from file
+
+ The default action is to write a MIDI file for each abc tune
+ with the filename <stem>N.mid, where <stem> is the filestem
+ of the abc file and N is the tune reference number. If the -o
+ option is used, only one file is written. This is the tune
+ specified by the reference number or, if no reference number
+ is given, the first tune in the file. The -Q parameter sets
+ the default tempo in event the Q: command is not given in the
+ abc header. The program accepts both the deprecated (eg.
+ !trill!) and standard (+trill+) notation for decorations.
+ Older versions of this program handled the defunct convention
+ for chords (i.e +G2B2D2+ instead of [GBD]2). If you need to
+ handle the older notation, include the -OCC flag; however the
+ program will not accept the standard notation for decorations.
+ Broken rhythms indicated by > or < (eg. A > B) assume a
+ the hornpipe ratio of 3:1.  To change it to the Celtic ratio
+ 3:1 include the -CS flag.  
+
+
+Features :
+
+* Broken rythms (>, <), chords, n-tuples, slurring, ties, staccatto notes,
+repeats, in-tune tempo/length/meter changes are all supported.
+
+* R:hornpipe or r:hornpipe is recognized and note timings are adjusted to
+give a broken rhythm (ab is converted to a>b).
+
+* Most errors in the abc input will generate a suitable error message in
+the output and the converter keeps going.
+
+* Comments and text fields in the abc source are converted to text events
+in the MIDI output
+
+* If guitar chords are present, they are used to generate an accompaniment
+in the MIDI output.
+
+* If there are mis-matched repeat signs in the abc, the program attempts to
+fix them. However, it will not attempt this if a multi-part tune 
+description has been used or if multiple voices are in use.
+
+* Karaoke MIDI files can be generated by using the w: field to include 
+lyrics.
+
+* Nonnumeric voice ids, eg V: soprano, as described as proposed
+for the new abc standard is handled.
+
+* Invisible rests specified as x, are treated as normal rests (z).
+
+* There are some extensions to the abc syntax of the form
+
+%%MIDI channel n
+
+These control channel and program selection, transposing and various
+other features of abc2midi. See the file abcguide.txt for more
+details.
+
+Bugs and Limitations :
+
+* No field is inherited from above the X: field of the tune.
+
+* Where an accidental is applied to a tied note that extends across
+  a barline, abc2midi requires that the note beyond the barline must 
+  be explicitly given an accidental e.g.
+
+  ^F- | F     - will be reported as an error.
+  ^F- | ^F    - will produce a tied ^F note.
+
+  It is common to see no accidental shown when this occurs in published 
+  printed music.
+
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------
+abc2abc
+
+Usage: abc2abc <filename> [-s] [-n X] [-b] [-r] [-e] [-t X]
+       [-u] [-d] [-v] [-V X] [-ver] [-X n]
+  -s for new spacing
+  -n X to re-format the abc with a new linebreak every X bars
+  -b to remove bar checking
+  -r to remove repeat checking
+  -e to remove all error reports
+  -t X to transpose X semitones
+  -nda No double accidentals in guitar chords
+  -nokeys No key signature (i.e. K: none). Use sharps.
+  -nokeyf No key signature (i.e. K: none). Use flats.
+  -u to update notation ([] for chords and () for slurs)
+  -usekey n Use key signature sf (sharps/flats)
+  -useclef (treble or bass)
+  -d to notate with doubled note lengths
+  -v to notate with halved note lengths
+  -V X[,Y...] to output only voice X,Y...
+  -P X[,Y...] restricts action to voice X,Y... leaving other voices intact
+  -ver prints version number and exits
+  -X n renumber the all X: fields as n, n+1, ..
+  -xref n output only the tune with X reference number n.
+  -usekey sf Use key signature sf (flats/sharps)
+  -OCC old chord convention (eg. +CE+)
+
+A simple abc checker/re-formatter/transposer. If the -n option is selected, 
+error checking is turned off. 
+
+If a voice is assigned to channel 10 (drum channel) using a
+%%MIDI channel 10
+command, then this voice is never transposed.
+
+The -nokeys or -nokeyf option will set "K: none" and place accidentals on
+all notes that should have accidentals for the expected key signature. 
+The first option will use only sharps; the second option will use
+only flats.
+
+The -usekey option will force the key signature to be key[sf] where
+sf is a number between -5 and +5 inclusive.
+sf  -5  -4  -3  -2  -1  0  1  2  3  4  5
+key Db  Ab  Eb  Bb  F   C  G  D  A  E  B
+Accidentals will be added to preserve the correct notes. This
+is useful for some music with many accidentals which does
+not fit in any specific key signature. If sf = 0, abc2abc
+use K:none.
+
+If you want to check an abc tune, it is recommended that you use abc2midi 
+with the -c option as this performs extra checks that abc2abc does not do.
+
+When using the -P X option, it may be necessary to insert some
+field commands such as K: or L: following the voice X declaration,
+so that they will be converted and appear in the output.
+
+The output of abc2abc is printed to the screen. To save it to a file, use
+the redirection operator.
+
+e.g.
+
+abc2abc file.abc -t 2 > newfile.abc
+
+Known problems:
+* When using the -n option on a program with lyrics, a barline in a w:
+  field may be carried forward to the next w: field.
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+mftext - MIDI file to text
+
+This gives a verbose description of what is in a MIDI file. You may wish
+to use it to check the output from abc2midi. It is part of the original
+midifilelib distribution.
+
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------
+YAPS
+----
+YAPS is an abc to PostScript converter which can be used as an alternative
+to abc2ps. See the file yaps.txt for a more detailed description of this
+program.
+
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------
+midicopy is a stand alone application which copies a midi file or part
+of a midi file to a new midi file. If you run it with no parameters, a
+short description shown below will appear.
+
+usage:
+midicopy <options> input.mid output.mid
+midicopy copies selected tracks, channels, time interval of the input midi file.options:
+-ver  version information
+-trks n1,n2,..(starting from 1)
+-xtrks n1,n2,... (tracks to exclude)
+-xchns n1,n2,... (channels to exclude)
+-chns n1,n2,..(starting from 1)
+-from n (in midi ticks)
+-to n   (in midi ticks)
+-fromsec %f (in seconds)
+-tosec %f (in seconds)
+-frombeat %f
+-tobeat %f
+-replace trk,loc,val
+-tempo n (in quarter notes/min)
+-speed %f (between 0.1 and 10.0)
+-drumfocus n (35 - 81) m (0 - 127)
+-mutenodrum [level] 
+-setdrumloudness n (35-81) m (0 -127)
+-focusontrack n1,n2,... 
+-focusonchannel n1,n2,...
+-attenuation n
+
+
+midicopy.exe -ver
+
+will print out something like 
+1.29 December 06 2017
+
+
+midicopy.exe input.mid output.mid
+does nothing interesting except copy the contents of input.mid to a
+new file output.mid.
+
+
+
+If you  include the -from parameter followed by a midi pulse number,
+then the program will select the appropriate data starting after the
+given midi pulse location so that will you play midi file it will start
+from that midi pulse number. In order to ensure that the right tempo,
+channel assignments are used, all of these commands prior to that
+pulse number are also copied.
+
+If you include the -to command followed by a midi  pulse number, the
+midi file is truncated beyond that point, so that when you play the file
+it will stop at this point. You can also specify the window using beats
+with the options -frombeats and -tobeats. The program will print out
+the estimated duration of the output midi file.
+
+All the tracks will be copied unless you specify them in the list following
+keyword -trks. You start counting tracks from 1.
+
+Similarly, all channels will be copied unless you specify them following
+keyword -chns. You start counting channels from 1.
+
+The -xchns and -xtrk options will exclude the indicated channels or
+tracks from the output midi file. The -xchns does not work together
+with -chns and neither does -xtrks work with -trks. (Use one or the
+other.)
+
+The option -replace allows you to overwrite a specific byte given its
+track number and offset loc, by the byte whose value is val. This is
+used for changing the program number associated with a channel. The byte
+is replaced in the output file. If you use the -replace option, all
+other options like -from, -to, -chns etc. are ignored.
+
+The embedded tempo commands can be replaced using
+-tempo n
+in units beats/minute.
+
+-speed f
+where f is a decimal number between 0.1 and 10.0 will multiply
+the current tempo by this factor.
+
+-drumfocus will accentuate the specified drum (35 to 81) to level
+m (0 to 127).
+
+-focusontracks will attenuate all tracks except those specified.
+
+-focusonchannels will attenuate all channels except those specified.
+
+-attenuation specifies the amount to reduce the note velocities
+for the focus options.
+
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------
+abcmatch.exe  - see abcmatch.txt
+
+
+
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------
+A Short Explanation of MIDI
+---------------------------
+MIDI stands for "Musical Instrument Digital Interface". MIDI was originally
+designed to connect a controller, such as a piano-style keyboard, to a
+synthesizer. A MIDI cable is similar to a serial RS232 cable but uses
+different voltage levels and an unusual baud rate (31250 baud). The MIDI
+standard also defines the meaning of the digital signals sent down the 
+cable; pressing and releasing a key produces 2 of these signals, a 
+"note on" followed by a "note off". 
+
+There is an additional standard for MIDI files, which describes how to 
+record these signals together with the time when each signal was produced. 
+This allows a complete performance to be recorded in a compact digital 
+form. It is also possible for a computer to write a MIDI file which can 
+be played back in exactly the same way as a MIDI file of a recorded 
+performance. This is what abc2midi does.
+
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------
+Note: DPMI server for DOS executables
+
+If you have downloaded the executables compiled using DJGPP, you may get
+an error message saying that a DPMI (Dos Protected Mode Interface) server
+is needed. If you can run the programs from a DOS window within Windows,
+this may solve the problem. Alternatively, download the DPMI server
+recommended for DJGPP, called CWSDPMI.EXE. This needs to be on your path
+for the executables to run.
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------
+Bug reports
+
+Please report any bugs you find in abc2midi, midi2abc, midicopy, or 
+abcmatch, abc2abc to fy733@ncf.ca (preferably with 
+an example so that I can replicate the problem). Better still, send 
+me the repaired source files which fix the problem! If you add your
+own features to the code that other people might want to use then let 
+me know.  I may or may not want to add them to the official version.
+So far I have been maintaining the code, but I don't guarantee anything.
diff --git a/genmidi.c b/genmidi.c
index 3f3a0e6..fb38367 100644
--- a/genmidi.c
+++ b/genmidi.c
@@ -1875,6 +1875,39 @@ if (remainder == 0) {
  reduce(val_num,val_den);
 }
 
+/* [SS] 2020-08-09 */
+static void expand_array (shortarray, size, longarray, factor)
+/* if shortarray = {21,-40} and factor = 4
+ * longarray will be {5,6,5,5,-10,-10,-10,-10}
+ * It is used for smoothing a bendstring.
+ */
+int shortarray[], longarray[];
+int size;
+int factor;
+{
+float increment, accumulator;
+float last_accumulator;
+int i,j,k;
+if (size*factor > 256) {printf("not enough room in bendstring\n");
+	                return;
+                       }
+j = 0;
+for (i = 0; i< size; i++) {
+  increment = (float) shortarray[i]/factor;
+  accumulator = 0.0;
+  last_accumulator = 0.0;
+  for (k = 0; k < factor; k++) {
+    accumulator += increment;
+    if (increment > 0)
+      longarray[j] = (int) (accumulator + 0.5) - (int) (last_accumulator + 0.5);
+    else 
+      longarray[j] = (int) (accumulator - 0.5) - (int) (last_accumulator - 0.5);
+    last_accumulator = accumulator;
+    j++;
+    }
+  }
+}
+
 
 static void dodeferred(s,noteson)
 /* handle package-specific command which has been held over to be */
@@ -1888,6 +1921,7 @@ int noteson;
   int done;
   int val;
   int i;
+  int bendinput[64]; /* [SS] 2020-08-09 */
 
   p = s;
   skipspace(&p);
@@ -2044,6 +2078,21 @@ int noteson;
      else bendtype = 2;
      }
 
+  /* [SS] 2014-09-10 */
+  else if (strcmp(command, "bendstringex") == 0) {
+     i = 0;
+     while (i<64) { /* [SS] 2020-08-09 2015-09-10 2015-10-03 */
+          bendinput[i] = readsnump(&p);
+          skipspace(&p);
+          i = i + 1;
+          if (*p == 0) break;
+        };
+     expand_array (bendinput, i, benddata, 4);
+     bendnvals = i*4;
+     done = 1;
+     if (bendnvals == 1) bendtype = 3;
+     else bendtype = 2;
+     }
 
 
   else if (strcmp(command, "drone") == 0) {
diff --git a/store.c b/store.c
index 16de2cf..d70f00b 100644
--- a/store.c
+++ b/store.c
@@ -185,7 +185,7 @@ int main()
 
 */
 
-#define VERSION "4.40 July 28 2020 abc2midi" 
+#define VERSION "4.41 August 09 2020 abc2midi" 
 
 /* enables reading V: indication in header */
 #define XTEN1 1