diff --git a/VERSION b/VERSION
index 39a8dac..989d58a 100644
--- a/VERSION
+++ b/VERSION
@@ -1,2 +1,2 @@
-December 12 2022
+December 21 2022
 
diff --git a/doc/CHANGES b/doc/CHANGES
index 0bb20db..ae01f43 100644
--- a/doc/CHANGES
+++ b/doc/CHANGES
@@ -14869,3 +14869,60 @@ December 9 2022
 
 Cleaning out -stats code in midi2abc.
 
+
+December 21 2022
+
+abc2midi:
+Wnen <note1> equals <note2> in the instrument=<note1>/<note2>  directive,
+note2 should be treated as c (midi pitch 72).  Fix: parsesound in
+parseabc.c was modified to return a midi pitch of 72 when the two
+notes are equal.
+
+test file:
+
+X:1
+T: transpose
+M: 4/4
+L: 1/4
+K: C instrument=F/F
+FGAB|cdef|
+
+produces a midi file which looks like
+
+X: 1
+T: from h1.mid
+M: 4/4
+L: 1/8
+Q:1/4=120
+K:C % 0 sharps
+V:1
+c2 d2 e2 ^f2| \
+g2 a2 b2 c'2|
+
+when it was translated back to abc using midi2abc.
+
+Note that this change also applies to sound= and shift= even though
+this may not be specified in the standard
+http://abcnotation.com/wiki/abc:standard:v2.2#transposing_instrument_examples
+
+
+December 22 2022
+
+abcmidi: segementation fault. The following file produced a
+segmentation fault.
+
+X:1
+T: transpose
+M: 4/4
+L: 1/4
+K: C instrument=F 
+FGAB|cdef|
+
+Analysis: there is an invisible space following F in the
+line K: C instrument=F . As a result the function note2midi
+called pitch2midi with an invalid note (a space). The line
+p = (int) ((long) strchr(anoctave, note) - (long) anoctave);
+returned a bad index into the scale array.
+
+Fix: tested that p is in the range 0 to 7.
+
diff --git a/doc/readme.txt b/doc/readme.txt
index 5b2ff6f..4f95632 100644
--- a/doc/readme.txt
+++ b/doc/readme.txt
@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 abcMIDI :   abc <-> MIDI conversion utilities
 
 midi2abc version 3.58 December 09 2022
-abc2midi version 4.76 August 01 2022
+abc2midi version 4.77 December 21 2022
 abc2abc  version 2.18 June 14 2022
 yaps     version 1.90 June 14 2022
 abcmatch version 1.82 June 14 2022
diff --git a/parseabc.c b/parseabc.c
index b6c59ea..b9c58f2 100644
--- a/parseabc.c
+++ b/parseabc.c
@@ -1050,17 +1050,16 @@ parsesound (s, word, gottranspose, transpose)
       *s = *s + 1;
       skipspace (s);
       p1 = note2midi (s);
-      /* printf("midi note = %d\n",p1); */
+      /*printf("p1 midi note = %d\n",p1);*/ 
       p2 = note2midi (s);
+      /*printf("p2 midi note = %d\n",p2);*/ 
+
       if (p2 == p1) {
-          *gottranspose = 0;
-          *transpose = 0;
-          } else {
-          /* printf("midi note = %d\n",p2); */
-          *transpose = p2 - p1; /* [SS] 2022.02.18 2022.04.27 */
-          /* printf("transpose = %d\n",*transpose); */
-          *gottranspose = 1;
-          }
+          p2 = 72;  /* [SS] 2022.12.21 */
+          } 
+      *transpose = p2 - p1; /* [SS] 2022.02.18 2022.04.27 */
+       /* printf("transpose = %d\n",*transpose); */
+       *gottranspose = 1;
      }
   return 1;
   }
@@ -2736,6 +2735,10 @@ int mult, octave;
   noteno = (int)note - 'a';
  
   p = (int) ((long) strchr(anoctave, note) - (long) anoctave);
+  if (p < 0 || p > 6) {    /* [SS] 2022-12-22 */
+	  printf("illegal note %c\n",note);
+	  return 72;
+  }
   p = scale[p];
   if (acc == '^') p = p + mul;
   if (acc == '_') p = p - mul;
@@ -2757,8 +2760,9 @@ char msg[80];
 int octave;
 int mult;
 int pitch;
-/*printf("note2midi: %c\n",**s); */
+/*printf("note2midi: %c\n",**s);*/
 if (**s == '\0') return 72;
+note = **s;
 mult = 1;
 accidental = ' ';
 switch (**s)
diff --git a/store.c b/store.c
index 84190b5..9e5964b 100644
--- a/store.c
+++ b/store.c
@@ -186,7 +186,7 @@ int main()
 
 */
 
-#define VERSION "4.76 August 01 2022 abc2midi" 
+#define VERSION "4.77 December 21 2022 abc2midi" 
 
 /* enables reading V: indication in header */
 #define XTEN1 1